Tawaf means walking around the Kaaba seven times, which is one of the obligatory acts of Hajj and Umrah. Each term is termed “shout”. Apart from Umrah Tamattu, there are two types of Tawaf in all types of Hajj and Umrah. One is Tawaf Ziarat and the other is Tawaf Nisa. It is a condition to perform the obligatory Tawaf while in ihram
But Tawaf Mustahabi can be performed even without Ihram. After each Tawaf, two racks of prayers are offered behind Maqam Ibrahim which is called Namaz Tawaf.
There is no such thing as Tawaf Nisa among the Ahl as-Sunnah.
Literal and terminological meaning
Tawaf in the dictionary means to cover and walk around an object on foot. Similarly, if is said to be a person who walks around a house. terms In the jurisprudential, “tawaf” refers to walking around the Kaaba.
In Islam, “circumambulation of the Kaaba” is one of the duties of Hajj. Under some conditions, the pilgrim goes around the Kaaba seven times.. To complete a circle around the Kaaba, that is, a “shout”. It is necessary to start from the Black Stone and end at it again. The second name of Tawaf in jurisprudence is “Shoot”, with the difference that Tawaf is said to be a combination of seven complete cycles whereas Shoot is also applied to each cycle.
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The History
The history of Tawaf dates back to the time of Adam. When Adam was taken out of Paradise, he landed on the ground near the Kaaba and started circumambulating the Kaaba. As the angels circumambulate the Divine Throne. Tawaf Baitullah Al-Haram has been performed by one of the most important members of Hajj throughout history
Even before the age of ignorance and Islam. Whenever a person enters the Haram or wants to go out of Mecca to travel somewhere. He first circumambulates the Kaaba and the most important thing is to get closer to the gods. Was counted. In the pre-Islamic era, there was no special time or place reserved for Tawaf, but wherever these people entered a temple where idols were placed, they would walk around this temple seven times, the poor barefoot and the princes with shoes. They used to perform Tawaf.
Circumambulation Naked
The age of ignorance Some people used to circumambulate the Kaaba naked. Historical sources give various reasons for this work: He wanted Tawaf not to be performed in the clothes in which sin and disobedience have been committed.
There was a special dress for Tawaf which was worn only by the Quraysh. So those who did not have this special dress used to perform Tawaf naked. A person who is coming for Hajj or Umrah for the first time should perform Tawaf in a garment. Which has been rented from “Hams” if he performs Tawaf in a garment other than this one.
He used to perform Tawaf naked, known as “Tawaf Nude”.
There is a narration from Imam Sadiq (AS) which says that in those days people used to think that. If one performs Tawaf in his clothes So it is necessary to give charity to him. On this basis, he would borrow or lease another garment and if he did not produce such garment, he would perform Tawaf naked. Even women used to perform Tawaf naked.
Types
There are two types of obligatory Tawaf:
Tawaf Ziarat and Tawaf Nisa;
These two types of Tawaf are found in all types of Hajj and Umrah Except Umrah Tamattu in which Tawaf Nisa is not present. These two types of Tawaf differ only in intention.
Tawaf is one of the pillars of Hajj and Umrah, but Tawaf is obligatory for women, but not performing it does not invalidate Hajj or Umrah, and it is not permissible to have intercourse with women without it. Even Tawaf al-Nisa ‘and its two racks of prayers should be offered by him or someone else if it is not possible.
In addition to the two obligatory types of Tawaf, Mustahab Tawaf can also be performed. After each tawaf, two racks of tawaf prayer are offered. In the obligatory Tawaf, behind Maqam Ibrahim, while in the Mustahab Tawaf, these prayers can be offered anywhere in Masjid-ul-Haram. It is also mustahab to perform Tawaf-e-Warood when entering Makkah and Tawaf-e-Wada ‘when returning from Masjid-ul-Haram. The first Tawaf performed by the pilgrims after their arrival in Makkah is called “Tawaf Qudum”.
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Tawaf Ziarat
Tawaf Ziarat means the Tawaf which is an obligatory part of Hajj and Umrah. It is also called “First Tawaf”, “Tawaf Farz”, “Tawaf Fariza” and “Tawaf Rukn”. This Tawaf: comes second after Ihram in the rites of Umrah alone and there is no specific time to perform it. But one can perform it at any time of the year. Umrah is also the first act to be performed after ihram in Tamatu. But there is a specific time for it and it is from the first date of Shawwal to the ninth day of’ Arafah ie Dhu al-Hijjah.
This process comes in seventh place in Hajj. Hajj (Tamatu ‘and Qur’an) is performed on the day of Eid-ul-Adha after going to Mecca after throat or taqsir and it can also be performed on the twelfth day of Dhul-Hijjah. But it is mustahab to do it only on the day of Eid. This tawaf is performed without ihram because the pilgrims leave the ihram after throat or taqsir. That the pilgrims go to Mecca to visit the Ka’bah on the day of Eid-ul-Adha after completing the deeds of Mina, therefore it is called “Tawaf-e-Ziyarat”. After this Tawaf, perfume also becomes halal for the pilgrims.
Ruling on performing Tawaf on newly constructed routes
This question arises if the place of Tawaf is declared to be Masjid-ul-Haram or Tawaf is not possible due to rush without a distance from Maqam Ibrahim. What is the ruling on temporary and special routes made for Tawaf in the present times, especially on the second floor? Some Shia and Sunni jurists consider it valid but some jurists say so
That is the height of the specific place made on the second floor is higher than the roof of the Ka’bah, then the Tawaf is void. According to 2015 newspaper reports, the newly constructed second floor and the second floor of the Masjid al-Haram are above the roof of the Kaaba and the first floor of the Kaaba is below its roof.
